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邁爾斯前進與傳記片的蓄意爆炸

On April 25, 2016

There’s a moment, about 90 seconds into the Don Cheadle-starring Miles Ahead, where it feels like the film is going to slip into hagiography, that we’re about to get the central tale of pain that led Miles Davis to being the most transcendent jazz musician—and maybe musician in general—of the 20th century. “If you’re going to tell a story,” Davis tells an off-camera music journo played by Ewan McGregor, “Come with some attitude, man.” Davis’ face fades, and a trumpet plays. Then we see Davis and McGregor fleeing gunshots, and the rest of the film unfolds as a coke-and-remembrance filled caper, wherein Davis enlists McGregor to help him take back an unreleased tape of jams that has been stolen by an executive at Davis’ label, Columbia. If you don’t know the outline of Davis’ career before Miles Ahead, or if you’re hoping to see why you should listen to him in 2016, or why he’s still important, you will be disappointed. If you want to see a movie that theorizes and fabricates what Davis was up to between 1976 and 1981--when he didn’t record any albums and was mostly laid up with a hip condition and a cocaine addiction-- and isn’t interested in “selling” the artist to you in the least, Miles Ahead is what you’re looking for. Which is to say that Miles Ahead willfully shreds the idea of a biopic from the inside; a deconstruction of what we want from the form. It’s the best movie about a real musician I’ve ever seen.

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我不確定第一部音樂家傳記片是什麼,也不確定查找它到底有什麼用,因為無論是哪位音樂家,我們都能寫出演繹的劇本。藝術家面對童年的創傷,爭取注意,獲得關注,經歷一段掙扎,變得出名,然後根據藝術家的不同,他們可能會染上毒癮,死於飛機失事,或者失明。這些劇情就像浪漫喜劇一樣有公式,而且甜膩至極。

當傑米·福克斯在2005年走下奧斯卡舞台,手裡拿著因飾演雷·查爾斯在《雷》中獲得的最佳男主角獎時,你就知道缺乏創意的好萊塢會開始綠燈一堆音樂家傳記片,而他們也確實沒有讓人失望。出現了沒有亨德里克斯音樂的亨德里克斯傳記片,一部沒有態度的N.W.A.傳記片,一部糟糕的比基·斯莫爾斯傳記片,同樣糟糕的Chess Records電影強尼·卡什有一部,布萊恩·威爾森有一部,詹姆斯·布朗也有一部,就在本月,兩位爵士歌手也有了自己傳記片(妮娜·西蒙切特·貝克)。在這些傳統的傳記片中,顯而易見的是伊恩·柯蒂斯的傳記片控制,最為出色,原因主要是它全然關於尚無救贖的痛苦,正式在快樂分裂創作高峰期間。我們看到伊恩與癲癇鬥爭,與他的婚姻鬥爭,與他的音樂創作鬥爭,與他的情婦鬥爭,並且害怕巡迴演出美國,最終選擇了自殺。這裡面沒有一絲救贖,沒有任何光明的時刻。

騶多士之年相對而言,缺乏任何救贖,也基本沒有任何傳記資料。電影中的邁爾士回憶起他的婚姻——以及導致婚姻解體的事件——有時候在他帶著磁帶竊聽冒險的高壓時刻他會被他樂隊的影像造訪。切德爾這裡對邁爾士的描繪——他是電影的導演和編劇之一——是一個過了巔峰期的人,花時間做壞事,聽充滿有機的素描的磁帶,這些不會讓人錯認為是藍色神話。沒有人真正知道邁爾士當時是否真是這樣的——他實際上因為吹喇叭的時間太少而失去了他的唇力——這讓切德爾有了空間去扮演一個瘋狂的邁爾士。想像一下另一種情況:切德爾站在舞台上假裝吹喇叭,然後去錄音室喊叫製作里程碑或其他。這是一個如此聰明的舉動——忽略傳說,製作一部相當於動作電影粉絲寫的小說——我不敢相信還沒有人拍過一部像這樣的傳記片,比如滾石樂隊,只涵蓋他們在1971年吸毒和惹麻煩。

騶多士之年不會讓你對錄製拐角(儘管回憶部分展示了錄製西班牙素描的場景非常棒)的試煉有新的認識,而且它沒法比你瀏覽他的維基百科更好地填補邁爾士的故事。但它讓我想聽這個人所做的所有音樂,並讓他看起來如真實的、充滿魅力的人,即使他有真正的、瘋狂的缺點,甚至他是一位創意天才。這比任何傳記片之前更能說明問題。

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Andrew Winistorfer

Andrew Winistorfer is Senior Director of Music and Editorial at Vinyl Me, Please, and a writer and editor of their books, 100 Albums You Need in Your Collection and The Best Record Stores in the United States. He’s written Listening Notes for more than 30 VMP releases, co-produced multiple VMP Anthologies, and executive produced the VMP Anthologies The Story of Vanguard, The Story of Willie Nelson, Miles Davis: The Electric Years and The Story of Waylon Jennings. He lives in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

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